Element Management Systems
Network Element Management System (EMS)
The definition of
Network Element Management System (EMS) is the management of a specific type of one or more of the telecommunications network element (NE) system. In general, EMS manages the functions of each NE and capacity, but it does not care about the network between different NE. In order to support the inter-NE communication, EMS needs and a higher level network management system (NMS) to communicate, NMS is also a telecommunications management network (TMN) model the level of one dollar. EMS is based on the TMN hierarchical model of operational support system (OSS) framework based on this framework allows service providers (SP) to meet the rapid development of a customer's service needs, but also to meet the stringent quality of service (QOS) requirements of . TeleManagement Forum (TelManangement Forum) common object request broker architecture (CORBA) EMS to NMS Interface declared the emergence of a framework to TNM for the ability to work with the OSS into the utility age.
Overview
This course provides an EMS in the telecommunications network in a comprehensive exposition of the role; EMS field of the functions and duties; different units the distinction between management practices. Hope that these will enhance the readers of these to expand the understanding of multi-interface components.
Theme
1, EMS in the framework of the telecommunications network location
2, EMS in the role of five-TMN
3, OSS model of TMN FCAPS
4, four-function EMS model
5, service providers
6, Service Assurance
7, EMS and operational support to the NE
8, automatic configuration
9, EMS software framework
1, EMS in the framework of the telecommunications network location
In the past decade, the telecommunications network has been at the forefront of change. The old voice network that is simple, which is based mainly on customer铜环telephone exchange network. Integration of these networks is to have access to, transmission, voice switching, high-speed data and video, such as the design direction. This will require the use of the many complex technical, so the complexity of each different network technology has the EMS unit to manage, so that the capacity to take advantage of technology, technology has been the complexity of the shield.
Figure 1 is an EMS in the network location of the conceptual view. Today's network is a large number of suppliers from the composition of the NE. Different from the NE and NE, NE and the communication protocol between the EMS provided by the supplier, such as TL1, PDS Snyder, signaling network management protocol SNMP, common management information services unit CMISE. As shown in Figure 1, NE with the corresponding EMS communications, EMS may be through private or public of the northbound carriageway of the standardized interface of the NMS Communications and higher, NMS is responsible for integration of different suppliers of network management.
Figure 1. EMS in the telecommunications network position
An EMS is usually used to configure a group of the same type or system of NE, such as digital cross-connect system (DCS), through the optical ring network (SONET) add multiple encoder discarded (ADMs), or a hybrid fiber / cable (HFC) wired telephone system. Of the role of EMS is to control the management of all aspects of the framework and ensure that resources are fully utilized. EMS abstract of the technical details related to the appearance of NE and to the information transmitted through the northbound interface to higher level management system.
EMS is the overall program of telecommunications management solutions in the key part. Only EMS is the need to belong to all the scope of the management responsible for the content of NE. EMS is the exchange of NE and NMS layer control and media information only. Therefore, EMS unit with a specific type of network is closely related with the NE must be deployed in order to be able to activate and manage the functions of NE.
2, EMS in the role of five-TMN
TMN Telecommunications Management framework is a reference model approach. Its purpose is assigned to a variety of functions among different levels. International Telecommunication Union - Telecommunication Standards (ITU-T) in 1988 defined the TMN framework, detailed in the M.3010 and other documents are.
This framework is to determine the role of the largest telecom in the five functions of management standards: Business Management (BMS), Service management (SML), network management (NML), Network Element Management (EMS) and by increasing the functions of the composition of the network element level network element (NEL). TMN based on the separation of these levels of managerial responsibilities. This makes the different SP, OS, database and programming language in the assignment of functions to work together as possible.
TMN requirements required to provide each layer interact with the adjacent layer interface, this interface supports the communication between applications, interfaces can use standard computer technology. TMN M.3010 document allows the use of multiple protocols. This means that like SNMP and CORBA can also be an open agreement included in the TMN framework.
Figure 2. Five TMN architecture model
As shown in Figure 2, TMN model is simple and clear, it can be very effective network management framework that complicated relationship. Compared to the initial common management information services unit (CMISE), object-oriented technology was recognized in 1988, in the CORBA technology, such as the use of it, the object-oriented technology has shown great adaptability. CORBA and SNMP progress in progress in the agreement is very similar.
In the TMN model, EMS needs to be strictly fulfilled, it is through the use of common management information protocol (CMIP) and the NE communications. CMIP, however did not receive public recognition, the market most of the equipment in the use of TL1, SNMP and various other mechanisms. EMS an efficient use of what in fact the agreement with the NE depends on the communication NE. EMS also needs efficient high-level management system with other communications, this time on the need to use the most cost-saving agreement. Therefore, no matter what the agreement of the TMN are permitted.
3, OSS model of TMN FCAPS
TMN hierarchy as supplementary, ITU-T at the same time a system divided into five common mistakes of management functions, configuration, accounting, performance and security (FCAPS). This classification is not specific to the telecommunications network management system of a layer in the. FCAPS ideas from ITU-T recommendations, which are described in the management system to deal with the five different information. FCAPS in TMN at all levels have been dealing with. For example, EML error management is recorded in each warning or incident. EMS on the filtering of these warnings and then sent to the NMS, NMS warning through various nodes to determine the relevance of the reasons for failure. FCAPS part of a subset of the features listed in Table I in
Table 1. FCAPS functional subset
If you want a deeper understanding FCAPS, learn from their practical function of EMS is necessary.
4, four-function EMS model
Introduction
With EMS, you do not need to understand the framework of the telecommunications management network of any details. Although the TMN network element management of the five towers in some of the most valuable, and truly need to know is: EMS Explorer with different manufacturers products.
-Dan O'Shea, Supplements Editor
"Taming the Elements," Telephony, September 14.1998
FCAPS the TMN model is very useful and was frequently mentioned. However, it is too abstract and difficult to operate EMS made and evaluation of its economic value.
SP that the work (and its associated costs and time) must be exclusively in the provision of services for customers. TeleManagement Forum (the Forum before the network management [NMF]) in 1997, the study is a good example. The SP on the basis of full understanding of the study has identified a series of high level in the TMN architecture needs to be done at every level of the program and its support routines.
TeleManagement Forum as defined in the EML to provide basic data and operational procedures for a high standard:
0 Service Providers
1 network development and planning
2 network directory management
3 network
4 Service Assurance
5, network maintenance and restoration of
6, network monitoring and control
EMS understands the connection with the NML is very important to connect to the exchange of such error such as integrated management and information flow specification. EMS often deal with large data transfer interface directly to a higher SML and BML to provide plans and analysis of data. Basically, NML has three main functions:
※ customers and based on different network technologies integrated fault management and fault analysis
※ customers based on different networks and technologies, to have integrated services to end-to-end single-screen specification
※ EML and SML is the middle of the integration layer; EML collected from a wide range of information and integration, the link, the sum of information in order to be able to pass on relevant information SML; they are usually with the corresponding associated network technology-ended client information, of course, these technologies is to meet the specific needs of customers and import; NML in the opposite direction to receive information from the SML to deal with after the relevant command and data corresponding to the EMS; by EMS to the command sent to the NE.
There is an open, standards, the EMS northbound interface is the SP defined by TeleManagement Forum to develop a high standard TMN framework of the NML, SML and BML strong basis for the application. TeleManagement Forum by EMS is also the definition of the cost-effectiveness of the development of great significance.
Finishing the course features four EMS model, the model of the EMS merger of all the tasks, which include:
Function 1: Service Provider
Function 2: Service Assurance
Function 3: EMS and NE Operations Support
Function 4: Automatic switch
From 5-8 will be the theme of the four functional areas described in the typical tasks. These tasks on the SP consumption and to increase the reduction potential significance. EMS has become a valuable part of the interface is not just an extension of NE. Not all of the EMS will accomplish these tasks, some may be more likely based on some of the NE-specific one only.
The four-function model to the SP only for their own decision NE management functions to provide a reference. In the EMS graphical user interface (GUI) before the user can complete some or all of the four task model of the tasks provided by EMS. The EMS GUI whether a particular function depends on the completion of more advanced management system has been included in this task.
5, service providers
Service providers is to enable the telecommunications network can be customers or users of the network used by all processes. These processes is multi-faceted, and includes equipment and installation, planning capacity, to provide the capacity of NE to upgrade and protect the integrity of the database related tasks. EMS is the NML, SML and BML can TeleManangement Forum to meet the high standards set forth in the key processes. Here are three from the EMS service providers supported by the high standard of the process:
※ Network Development and Planning
※ network directory management
※ network
These high-level process support by EMS following the completion of the block:
※ directory management support
Including the maintenance of a sub-network installation directory NE resources to support service providers, including the address of the collection, equipment number, module number, serial number, version, installation date and so on.
※ configuration management support
Subnet resources, topology, redundancy, such as the total control; including the installation of new equipment and open resources; may include the distribution of resources such as routing and service area, equipment control and protection sub-network switch; may also include sharing subnet and the physical partition as a virtual private network resources.
※ support service providers
Including the creation of the network or subnet as well as the activation function of customer demand to expand on how to complete. Or function of these connections may be incorporated into the billing system or a promise to customers to determine the QoS level.
※ support services
Including customer subnet measure the utilization of resources, which is the basis for billing, pay-only features in applications will be called when the NE, such as the connection or settings.
Task in EMS
The following example is in the EMS in the tasks to be
Installation of NE
※ load tables and parameters to the installation of a new NE.
※ NE equipment auto-discovery and to update the EMS database.
※ construct a results-based auto-discovery of the graphics to the report of the situation of the new NE.
※ the establishment and verification of connections with senior OSS.
And plans to provide capacity
※ automatic equipment has been found that components of the ring, such as cross-connect.
※ EMS GUI or from the flow of NML Road Central, enter a new component.
※ directory available to the SML system, the following information: NE model number, serial number, unused equipment.
※ provide such as ring components, such as cross-connect capacity of available information.
NE upgrade
※ Automatic discovery of new equipment
NE ※ download packages
※ Download the upgrade package NE
※ continuous maintenance of the EMS and NE release hardware and software
NE and EMS protection of the integrity of the database
※ NE backup and recovery operation of the database.
NE and EMS ※ check the connection status, if the connection fails, when the re-establishment of connection ※ EMS re-sync data to the current state of NE.
※ ensure the integrity of the current operation, EMS cyclical auto-discovery mechanism with NE synchronization database.
EMS modern auto-discovery mechanism often used to improve accuracy and reduce the tedious work of data caused by consumption. Figure 3 show that the EMS has the following capabilities:
※ automatically found all the equipment and automatically in the warehouse on the drawing plane graphics slot.
※ automatically upload all the obvious warning and error events to the window (the bottom of the screen).
※ automatic discovery of all cross-connect and create a graphical representation of the corresponding.
Figure 3. Automatic discovery and cross-connect equipment
Does not appear to provide automatic discovery of the device parameters, the existence of these devices EMS database is to provide other services, service protection, automatic configuration of switches and the use of part of the operation.
The majority of technicians, experts and business people are familiar with the established procedures under the windows platform, click on graphics, such as drop-down menus and dialog boxes to make the EMS a more intuitive interface.
Figure 4 with a graphical interface and pull-down menus to simplify operation and configuration
A well-designed user interface can display a screen that is not associated technologies but logically related functions.
This screen has a simple workflow and contains a number of default values and options to save time and reduce errors. Figure 5 is a HFC system. It provides a remote room in the customer service unit (RSU) and the SP is located in center console telephone data terminal (HDT) Joint Multi-Point RF Transceiver (MRF) information.
Figure 5. In the same screen to display the logic of the relevant functional
Complete configuration and to provide support for RSU and related MRF The next step is to activate the service users. Figure 6 shows that the activation of the telephone service at home and the SP connected to the voice frame exchange.
Figure 6. In a single screen to display customer activation and service events
6, Service Assurance
QoS levels in the provision of services to clients, SP must ensure that the services have been sold in the delivery. In the field of EMS, which includes the network resource management and performance management mistakes.
EMS and NE in the maintenance of transmission equipment is a key role to improve. It co-NML and SML in other systems to accomplish this task. NE errors, events, actions and performance of technicians are the main data of the existence of EMS. EMS is the NML and SML of the Telemanagement Forum to complete the definition of the key to a high standard of process procedures. The following is from the protection of the EMS services in support of five of the two functional models.
※ network maintenance and restoration of
※ network monitoring and control
These high standards these processes from the block to support the completion of EMS.
※ error management support
Including the monitoring of network resources to detect failure, seize the errors and error detection. After the error was found, the operator must be the problem as soon as possible, repair and restoration of the network. Further error management services have been available to confirm.
※ performance to support data collection
Including the periodic collection of quality information services to characterize the performance of network resources. It also can enhance the understanding of trends on the network, pointing out that the cyclical nature of the physical resources to de-escalate the situation.
※ resource utilization and data collection support
Including the collection of the distribution network to customers the level of resource utilization. These data services can be used to determine whether the use of the characteristics of customers in line. QoS can also be used by the difficulties in service before the upgrade given the recommendations.
Support QoS protection
To ensure that the network performance, including how many reservations. This requires pre-monitoring network error, performance and utilization parameters and decrease in quality of service given prior to the first warning.
Task in EMS
The following example is in the EMS in the tasks required:
Fault isolation
※ NML senior management and SML error failure to provide the first level for dealing with planning early warning, and pointed out that the source of the problem. Technical staff to use the EMS database and EMS tools to do accurate diagnosis.
※ There are a lot of EMS to provide a simple way to call and display the results of NE diagnostic tools to isolate the error.
EMS provides one or more of the error window to display the area of NE alarm and event details. Alarm is a special issue of the indicator, which uses pre-defined action to trigger an alarm. Event is triggered when sending a show together with the error message in the warning window. Events of a more common mechanism used to detect the deteriorating state of the transmission equipment and its impact on customers to make early warning before. For example, bit error (BER) and the SLPS. Figure 7 shows a high-level troubleshooting features, click on the alarm will describe the impact of the device information. This mechanism allows the Network Operations Center (NOC) of the expert guidance of remote device to the right side of the operator of the warehouse rack card slot board to replace the problem may become.
Figure 7. A warning window, the impact can be found to link the device information
According to the different SP methods, procedures and organizations, NOC experts in the security services may have been the allocation of different tasks. Figure 8 shows a warning screen filter, which allows experts from the most duties to observe the point of view of optimization and management of alarm events.
Figure 8. Configuration window alarm filtering mechanism
Quality of Service
※ EMS through SLIPS and BER detection of error like access to performance information and send it to the wrong management of NML. These data can be affected in terms of performance analysis to the client before the reasons for the deterioration.
※ EMS can be stored from the NE to the performance measurement (PM) data and reports provided to the EMS and SML to generate performance management and QoS system.
※ In the NE and EMS support, EMS is sometimes provided equipment and communications equipment NE performance diagnostic capabilities, the diagnosis can be in accordance with the schedule of the past, but also can be provided when requested.
A key component of QoS is the ability to quickly and accurately pointed out that the cause of the problem, which can be rapidly repaired, the shortest possible time to repair (MTTR). In some cases, repair can be repaired in the NOC Offices, or customers in the NOC, under the guidance of experts to repair. Figure 9 shows the call process to a remote room in the RSU customers for diagnosis and testing in order to determine the problem the customer telephone equipment or the internal wiring.
Figure 9. Telephone system dispute the EMS screen
7, EMS and NE Operations Support
SP continue to lower the competition makes the cost of network operators, at the same time the complexity of the new service is in exponential growth, the SP must be less money to do more. The most significant of which is the number of trained specialists need to complete the work, because the following reasons for making this more complicated situation:
※ more and more of the NE from different vendors in the market.
※ NE is the rapid development of those
※ always a shortage of trained specialists in
※ can not maintain that the labor force at a low level, at the same time to ensure the provision of high quality innovative services
※ SP must know inefficient training of the staff NE
These are the lack of strong support, but still need a lot of knowledge with NE and EMS staff. When there is no well-trained employees need a more acute sense of SP system management processes.
To overcome these challenges will require a number of tasks to complete as the ultimate goal but also to maximize the efficiency and adaptability of the tool support. Therefore, EMS need to have these characteristics are as follows:
※ use
The need for an intuitive, task-oriented GUI for the shortest period of time shows that the operation of various functions.
※ context-sensitive help
Allow experts to complete the frequency of those who had not, or they never come into contact with the task.
※ unified desktop
Allowed to work in the NML, SML, or BML direct the user to open a window of any EMS, EMS allows direct management to open their windows NE management.
Low-cost operating platform ※
Goal is to use the total cost (acquisition, operation) of the EMS to run the lowest platform. Computing platforms such as Windows NT, such as telecommunications to meet the robustness, scalability and performance requirements.
※ Remote Access
Operators to run from anywhere information access management; this distributed mode of greatly improving the speed error at the time to reflect. In today's Internet world, this means that thin-client workstations through the Internet and Intranets to operate SP.
Figure 3-9 provides an effective man-machine interface design, it reduces the requirements of training and skills to enhance the accuracy, saving time and cost. Figure 10 shows the context-sensitive help to reduce the more obvious skills and training needs, which can guide users step by step, the completion of complex tasks.
Figure 10. Task Wizard to guide experts to complete complex tasks
EMS has a rich database of information that can improve services, save time and cost. The majority of EMS provides a library of standard reports and report generator and data can be exported to other professionals in the analysis procedure (Figure 11).
Figure 11. An EMS report provided examples of
8, automatic switching
Figure 12 .. If the TMN of the EML to stop working, NOC programming test will be like
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Network Element Management System (EMS)
The definition of
Network Element Management System (EMS) is the management of a specific type of one or more of the telecommunications network element (NE) system. In general, EMS manages the functions of each NE and capacity, but it does not care about the network between different NE. In order to support the inter-NE communication, EMS needs and a higher level network management system (NMS) to communicate, NMS is also a telecommunications management network (TMN) model the level of one dollar. EMS is based on the TMN hierarchical model of operational support system (OSS) framework based on this framework allows service providers (SP) to meet the rapid development of a customer's service needs, but also to meet the stringent quality of service (QOS) requirements of . TeleManagement Forum (TelManangement Forum) common object request broker architecture (CORBA) EMS to NMS Interface declared the emergence of a framework to TNM for the ability to work with the OSS into the utility age.
Overview
This course provides an EMS in the telecommunications network in a comprehensive exposition of the role; EMS field of the functions and duties; different units the distinction between management practices. Hope that these will enhance the readers of these to expand the understanding of multi-interface components.
Theme
1, EMS in the framework of the telecommunications network location
2, EMS in the role of five-TMN
3, OSS model of TMN FCAPS
4, four-function EMS model
5, service providers
6, Service Assurance
7, EMS and operational support to the NE
8, automatic configuration
9, EMS software framework
1, EMS in the framework of the telecommunications network location
In the past decade, the telecommunications network has been at the forefront of change. The old voice network that is simple, which is based mainly on customer铜环telephone exchange network. Integration of these networks is to have access to, transmission, voice switching, high-speed data and video, such as the design direction. This will require the use of the many complex technical, so the complexity of each different network technology has the EMS unit to manage, so that the capacity to take advantage of technology, technology has been the complexity of the shield.
Figure 1 is an EMS in the network location of the conceptual view. Today's network is a large number of suppliers from the composition of the NE. Different from the NE and NE, NE and the communication protocol between the EMS provided by the supplier, such as TL1, PDS Snyder, signaling network management protocol SNMP, common management information services unit CMISE. As shown in Figure 1, NE with the corresponding EMS communications, EMS may be through private or public of the northbound carriageway of the standardized interface of the NMS Communications and higher, NMS is responsible for integration of different suppliers of network management.
Figure 1. EMS in the telecommunications network position
An EMS is usually used to configure a group of the same type or system of NE, such as digital cross-connect system (DCS), through the optical ring network (SONET) add multiple encoder discarded (ADMs), or a hybrid fiber / cable (HFC) wired telephone system. Of the role of EMS is to control the management of all aspects of the framework and ensure that resources are fully utilized. EMS abstract of the technical details related to the appearance of NE and to the information transmitted through the northbound interface to higher level management system.
EMS is the overall program of telecommunications management solutions in the key part. Only EMS is the need to belong to all the scope of the management responsible for the content of NE. EMS is the exchange of NE and NMS layer control and media information only. Therefore, EMS unit with a specific type of network is closely related with the NE must be deployed in order to be able to activate and manage the functions of NE.
2, EMS in the role of five-TMN
TMN Telecommunications Management framework is a reference model approach. Its purpose is assigned to a variety of functions among different levels. International Telecommunication Union - Telecommunication Standards (ITU-T) in 1988 defined the TMN framework, detailed in the M.3010 and other documents are.
This framework is to determine the role of the largest telecom in the five functions of management standards: Business Management (BMS), Service management (SML), network management (NML), Network Element Management (EMS) and by increasing the functions of the composition of the network element level network element (NEL). TMN based on the separation of these levels of managerial responsibilities. This makes the different SP, OS, database and programming language in the assignment of functions to work together as possible.
TMN requirements required to provide each layer interact with the adjacent layer interface, this interface supports the communication between applications, interfaces can use standard computer technology. TMN M.3010 document allows the use of multiple protocols. This means that like SNMP and CORBA can also be an open agreement included in the TMN framework.
Figure 2. Five TMN architecture model
As shown in Figure 2, TMN model is simple and clear, it can be very effective network management framework that complicated relationship. Compared to the initial common management information services unit (CMISE), object-oriented technology was recognized in 1988, in the CORBA technology, such as the use of it, the object-oriented technology has shown great adaptability. CORBA and SNMP progress in progress in the agreement is very similar.
In the TMN model, EMS needs to be strictly fulfilled, it is through the use of common management information protocol (CMIP) and the NE communications. CMIP, however did not receive public recognition, the market most of the equipment in the use of TL1, SNMP and various other mechanisms. EMS an efficient use of what in fact the agreement with the NE depends on the communication NE. EMS also needs efficient high-level management system with other communications, this time on the need to use the most cost-saving agreement. Therefore, no matter what the agreement of the TMN are permitted.
3, OSS model of TMN FCAPS
TMN hierarchy as supplementary, ITU-T at the same time a system divided into five common mistakes of management functions, configuration, accounting, performance and security (FCAPS). This classification is not specific to the telecommunications network management system of a layer in the. FCAPS ideas from ITU-T recommendations, which are described in the management system to deal with the five different information. FCAPS in TMN at all levels have been dealing with. For example, EML error management is recorded in each warning or incident. EMS on the filtering of these warnings and then sent to the NMS, NMS warning through various nodes to determine the relevance of the reasons for failure. FCAPS part of a subset of the features listed in Table I in
Table 1. FCAPS functional subset
Fault Management | Configuration Management | Accounting Management | Performance Management | Security Management |
alarm handling | system turn-up | track service usage | data collection | control NE access |
trouble detection | network provisioning | bill for services | report generation | enable NE functions |
trouble correction | autodiscovery | data analysis | access logs | |
test and acceptance | back up and restore | |||
network recovery | database handling |
If you want a deeper understanding FCAPS, learn from their practical function of EMS is necessary.
4, four-function EMS model
Introduction
With EMS, you do not need to understand the framework of the telecommunications management network of any details. Although the TMN network element management of the five towers in some of the most valuable, and truly need to know is: EMS Explorer with different manufacturers products.
-Dan O'Shea, Supplements Editor
"Taming the Elements," Telephony, September 14.1998
FCAPS the TMN model is very useful and was frequently mentioned. However, it is too abstract and difficult to operate EMS made and evaluation of its economic value.
SP that the work (and its associated costs and time) must be exclusively in the provision of services for customers. TeleManagement Forum (the Forum before the network management [NMF]) in 1997, the study is a good example. The SP on the basis of full understanding of the study has identified a series of high level in the TMN architecture needs to be done at every level of the program and its support routines.
TeleManagement Forum as defined in the EML to provide basic data and operational procedures for a high standard:
0 Service Providers
1 network development and planning
2 network directory management
3 network
4 Service Assurance
5, network maintenance and restoration of
6, network monitoring and control
EMS understands the connection with the NML is very important to connect to the exchange of such error such as integrated management and information flow specification. EMS often deal with large data transfer interface directly to a higher SML and BML to provide plans and analysis of data. Basically, NML has three main functions:
※ customers and based on different network technologies integrated fault management and fault analysis
※ customers based on different networks and technologies, to have integrated services to end-to-end single-screen specification
※ EML and SML is the middle of the integration layer; EML collected from a wide range of information and integration, the link, the sum of information in order to be able to pass on relevant information SML; they are usually with the corresponding associated network technology-ended client information, of course, these technologies is to meet the specific needs of customers and import; NML in the opposite direction to receive information from the SML to deal with after the relevant command and data corresponding to the EMS; by EMS to the command sent to the NE.
There is an open, standards, the EMS northbound interface is the SP defined by TeleManagement Forum to develop a high standard TMN framework of the NML, SML and BML strong basis for the application. TeleManagement Forum by EMS is also the definition of the cost-effectiveness of the development of great significance.
Finishing the course features four EMS model, the model of the EMS merger of all the tasks, which include:
Function 1: Service Provider
Function 2: Service Assurance
Function 3: EMS and NE Operations Support
Function 4: Automatic switch
From 5-8 will be the theme of the four functional areas described in the typical tasks. These tasks on the SP consumption and to increase the reduction potential significance. EMS has become a valuable part of the interface is not just an extension of NE. Not all of the EMS will accomplish these tasks, some may be more likely based on some of the NE-specific one only.
The four-function model to the SP only for their own decision NE management functions to provide a reference. In the EMS graphical user interface (GUI) before the user can complete some or all of the four task model of the tasks provided by EMS. The EMS GUI whether a particular function depends on the completion of more advanced management system has been included in this task.
5, service providers
Service providers is to enable the telecommunications network can be customers or users of the network used by all processes. These processes is multi-faceted, and includes equipment and installation, planning capacity, to provide the capacity of NE to upgrade and protect the integrity of the database related tasks. EMS is the NML, SML and BML can TeleManangement Forum to meet the high standards set forth in the key processes. Here are three from the EMS service providers supported by the high standard of the process:
※ Network Development and Planning
※ network directory management
※ network
These high-level process support by EMS following the completion of the block:
※ directory management support
Including the maintenance of a sub-network installation directory NE resources to support service providers, including the address of the collection, equipment number, module number, serial number, version, installation date and so on.
※ configuration management support
Subnet resources, topology, redundancy, such as the total control; including the installation of new equipment and open resources; may include the distribution of resources such as routing and service area, equipment control and protection sub-network switch; may also include sharing subnet and the physical partition as a virtual private network resources.
※ support service providers
Including the creation of the network or subnet as well as the activation function of customer demand to expand on how to complete. Or function of these connections may be incorporated into the billing system or a promise to customers to determine the QoS level.
※ support services
Including customer subnet measure the utilization of resources, which is the basis for billing, pay-only features in applications will be called when the NE, such as the connection or settings.
Task in EMS
The following example is in the EMS in the tasks to be
Installation of NE
※ load tables and parameters to the installation of a new NE.
※ NE equipment auto-discovery and to update the EMS database.
※ construct a results-based auto-discovery of the graphics to the report of the situation of the new NE.
※ the establishment and verification of connections with senior OSS.
And plans to provide capacity
※ automatic equipment has been found that components of the ring, such as cross-connect.
※ EMS GUI or from the flow of NML Road Central, enter a new component.
※ directory available to the SML system, the following information: NE model number, serial number, unused equipment.
※ provide such as ring components, such as cross-connect capacity of available information.
NE upgrade
※ Automatic discovery of new equipment
NE ※ download packages
※ Download the upgrade package NE
※ continuous maintenance of the EMS and NE release hardware and software
NE and EMS protection of the integrity of the database
※ NE backup and recovery operation of the database.
NE and EMS ※ check the connection status, if the connection fails, when the re-establishment of connection ※ EMS re-sync data to the current state of NE.
※ ensure the integrity of the current operation, EMS cyclical auto-discovery mechanism with NE synchronization database.
EMS modern auto-discovery mechanism often used to improve accuracy and reduce the tedious work of data caused by consumption. Figure 3 show that the EMS has the following capabilities:
※ automatically found all the equipment and automatically in the warehouse on the drawing plane graphics slot.
※ automatically upload all the obvious warning and error events to the window (the bottom of the screen).
※ automatic discovery of all cross-connect and create a graphical representation of the corresponding.
Figure 3. Automatic discovery and cross-connect equipment
Does not appear to provide automatic discovery of the device parameters, the existence of these devices EMS database is to provide other services, service protection, automatic configuration of switches and the use of part of the operation.
The majority of technicians, experts and business people are familiar with the established procedures under the windows platform, click on graphics, such as drop-down menus and dialog boxes to make the EMS a more intuitive interface.
Figure 4 with a graphical interface and pull-down menus to simplify operation and configuration
A well-designed user interface can display a screen that is not associated technologies but logically related functions.
This screen has a simple workflow and contains a number of default values and options to save time and reduce errors. Figure 5 is a HFC system. It provides a remote room in the customer service unit (RSU) and the SP is located in center console telephone data terminal (HDT) Joint Multi-Point RF Transceiver (MRF) information.
Figure 5. In the same screen to display the logic of the relevant functional
Complete configuration and to provide support for RSU and related MRF The next step is to activate the service users. Figure 6 shows that the activation of the telephone service at home and the SP connected to the voice frame exchange.
Figure 6. In a single screen to display customer activation and service events
6, Service Assurance
QoS levels in the provision of services to clients, SP must ensure that the services have been sold in the delivery. In the field of EMS, which includes the network resource management and performance management mistakes.
EMS and NE in the maintenance of transmission equipment is a key role to improve. It co-NML and SML in other systems to accomplish this task. NE errors, events, actions and performance of technicians are the main data of the existence of EMS. EMS is the NML and SML of the Telemanagement Forum to complete the definition of the key to a high standard of process procedures. The following is from the protection of the EMS services in support of five of the two functional models.
※ network maintenance and restoration of
※ network monitoring and control
These high standards these processes from the block to support the completion of EMS.
※ error management support
Including the monitoring of network resources to detect failure, seize the errors and error detection. After the error was found, the operator must be the problem as soon as possible, repair and restoration of the network. Further error management services have been available to confirm.
※ performance to support data collection
Including the periodic collection of quality information services to characterize the performance of network resources. It also can enhance the understanding of trends on the network, pointing out that the cyclical nature of the physical resources to de-escalate the situation.
※ resource utilization and data collection support
Including the collection of the distribution network to customers the level of resource utilization. These data services can be used to determine whether the use of the characteristics of customers in line. QoS can also be used by the difficulties in service before the upgrade given the recommendations.
Support QoS protection
To ensure that the network performance, including how many reservations. This requires pre-monitoring network error, performance and utilization parameters and decrease in quality of service given prior to the first warning.
Task in EMS
The following example is in the EMS in the tasks required:
Fault isolation
※ NML senior management and SML error failure to provide the first level for dealing with planning early warning, and pointed out that the source of the problem. Technical staff to use the EMS database and EMS tools to do accurate diagnosis.
※ There are a lot of EMS to provide a simple way to call and display the results of NE diagnostic tools to isolate the error.
EMS provides one or more of the error window to display the area of NE alarm and event details. Alarm is a special issue of the indicator, which uses pre-defined action to trigger an alarm. Event is triggered when sending a show together with the error message in the warning window. Events of a more common mechanism used to detect the deteriorating state of the transmission equipment and its impact on customers to make early warning before. For example, bit error (BER) and the SLPS. Figure 7 shows a high-level troubleshooting features, click on the alarm will describe the impact of the device information. This mechanism allows the Network Operations Center (NOC) of the expert guidance of remote device to the right side of the operator of the warehouse rack card slot board to replace the problem may become.
Figure 7. A warning window, the impact can be found to link the device information
According to the different SP methods, procedures and organizations, NOC experts in the security services may have been the allocation of different tasks. Figure 8 shows a warning screen filter, which allows experts from the most duties to observe the point of view of optimization and management of alarm events.
Figure 8. Configuration window alarm filtering mechanism
Quality of Service
※ EMS through SLIPS and BER detection of error like access to performance information and send it to the wrong management of NML. These data can be affected in terms of performance analysis to the client before the reasons for the deterioration.
※ EMS can be stored from the NE to the performance measurement (PM) data and reports provided to the EMS and SML to generate performance management and QoS system.
※ In the NE and EMS support, EMS is sometimes provided equipment and communications equipment NE performance diagnostic capabilities, the diagnosis can be in accordance with the schedule of the past, but also can be provided when requested.
A key component of QoS is the ability to quickly and accurately pointed out that the cause of the problem, which can be rapidly repaired, the shortest possible time to repair (MTTR). In some cases, repair can be repaired in the NOC Offices, or customers in the NOC, under the guidance of experts to repair. Figure 9 shows the call process to a remote room in the RSU customers for diagnosis and testing in order to determine the problem the customer telephone equipment or the internal wiring.
Figure 9. Telephone system dispute the EMS screen
7, EMS and NE Operations Support
SP continue to lower the competition makes the cost of network operators, at the same time the complexity of the new service is in exponential growth, the SP must be less money to do more. The most significant of which is the number of trained specialists need to complete the work, because the following reasons for making this more complicated situation:
※ more and more of the NE from different vendors in the market.
※ NE is the rapid development of those
※ always a shortage of trained specialists in
※ can not maintain that the labor force at a low level, at the same time to ensure the provision of high quality innovative services
※ SP must know inefficient training of the staff NE
These are the lack of strong support, but still need a lot of knowledge with NE and EMS staff. When there is no well-trained employees need a more acute sense of SP system management processes.
To overcome these challenges will require a number of tasks to complete as the ultimate goal but also to maximize the efficiency and adaptability of the tool support. Therefore, EMS need to have these characteristics are as follows:
※ use
The need for an intuitive, task-oriented GUI for the shortest period of time shows that the operation of various functions.
※ context-sensitive help
Allow experts to complete the frequency of those who had not, or they never come into contact with the task.
※ unified desktop
Allowed to work in the NML, SML, or BML direct the user to open a window of any EMS, EMS allows direct management to open their windows NE management.
Low-cost operating platform ※
Goal is to use the total cost (acquisition, operation) of the EMS to run the lowest platform. Computing platforms such as Windows NT, such as telecommunications to meet the robustness, scalability and performance requirements.
※ Remote Access
Operators to run from anywhere information access management; this distributed mode of greatly improving the speed error at the time to reflect. In today's Internet world, this means that thin-client workstations through the Internet and Intranets to operate SP.
Figure 3-9 provides an effective man-machine interface design, it reduces the requirements of training and skills to enhance the accuracy, saving time and cost. Figure 10 shows the context-sensitive help to reduce the more obvious skills and training needs, which can guide users step by step, the completion of complex tasks.
Figure 10. Task Wizard to guide experts to complete complex tasks
EMS has a rich database of information that can improve services, save time and cost. The majority of EMS provides a library of standard reports and report generator and data can be exported to other professionals in the analysis procedure (Figure 11).
Figure 11. An EMS report provided examples of
8, automatic switching
Figure 12 .. If the TMN of the EML to stop working, NOC programming test will be like
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